目前对全球AI监管合作的争议点之一在于合作应该基于怎样的机制。目前比较突出的建议试图复制现有的多边机构:联合国秘书长古特雷斯等人呼吁建立AI领域的“国际原子能机构”(IAEA for AI),像国际原子能机构监测核技术一样监测AI技术发展;英国AI安全峰会则建议成立AI领域的“政府间气候变化专门委员会”(IPCC for AI),即建立一个独立的、由专家领导的机构,公正、客观、及时地向政府通报AI能力现状,并对未来情景做出基于证据的预测,以避免利益冲突[8]。
[1]Bruce Schneier and Nathan Sanders. (2023, September 28). Opinion | Elon Musk, Geoff Hinton, and the War Over A.I. Nytimes. https://nytimes.com/2023/09/28/opinion/ai-safety-ethics-effective.html
[2]TomWheeler. (2023, June 15). The three challenges of AI regulation. Brookings.https://brookings.edu/articles/the-three-challenges-of-ai-regulation/
[3]Matt Sheehan. (2023, July 10). China's AI Regulations and How They Get Made - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Carnegieendowment.https://carnegieendowment.org/2023/07/10/china-s-ai-regulations-and-how-they-get-made-pub-90117
[4]Anu Bradford. (2023, June 27).The Race to Regulate Artificial Intelligence. Foreignaffairs.https://foreignaffairs.com/united-states/race-regulate-artificial-intelligence
[5]Alex Engler. (2023, April 25). The EU and U.S. diverge on AI regulation: A transatlantic comparison and steps to alignment. Brookings.https://brookings.edu/articles/the-eu-and-us-diverge-on-ai-regulation-a-transatlantic-comparison-and-steps-to-alignment/
[6]Mark MacCarthy. (2023, October 19). The US and its allies should engage with China on AI law and policy. Brookings.https://brookings.edu/articles/the-us-and-its-allies-should-engage-with-china-on-ai-law-and-policy/
[7]Ian Bremmer & Mustafa Suleyman (2023, August 16).The AI Power Paradox: Can States Learn to Govern Artificial Intelligence—Before 's’s Too Late?. Foreignaffairs.https://foreignaffairs.com/world/artificial-intelligence-power-paradox
[8]Mustafa Suleyman and Eric Schmidt: We need an AI equivalent of the IPCC. (2023, October 19). Financial Times.https://ft.com/content/d84e91d0-ac74-4946-a21f-5f82eb4f1d2d
[9]Marietje Schaake. (2023, December 21). The Premature Quest for International AI Cooperation | Foreign Affairs. Foreignaffairs.https://foreignaffairs.com/premature-quest-international-ai-cooperation